Scientists use phase transfer catalysts to move reagents from one environment to another. Gouverneur has used a urea moiety to remove fluorine ions via hydrogen bonding from undissolved CsF into organic solution to undergo nucleophilic fluorination. A 10% solution of the catalyst in 1.2 eq of CsF saw 80% conversion of β-bromosulfide via a episulfonium-ion intermediate in 1.5 hours. While the catalyst was developed for fluorine, there may be a possibility for other hydrogen bonding phase transfer applications. |
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December 2021
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